Ubwihindurize Amateka yinganda eptfe

Ubwihindurize bwinganda za eptfe ninkuru ishimishije yateye imbere mugihe cyo gushinga inganda zikoresha impinduramatwara.Amateka ya epoxy atangira mu 1884, mugihe umuhanga mu bya shimi Alfred Einhorn yashizemo ibice bishya biva muri Ethylene na formaldehyde. Uru ruganda rwiswe “epoxide”, amaherezo yaje kwitwa epoxy mu kuyihuza na polyol cyangwa esters. Mugihe iyi formulaire yumwimerere yari ifite ibikorwa byinshi bifatika, imikoreshereze yayo yagumye kuba mike kubera igiciro cyinshi no kubura ibikoresho fatizo bihari. Mu 1940, abashakashatsi benshi bakoze uko bashoboye kugira ngo bateze imbere umwimerere wa epoxy harimo Umunyamerika Richard Condon wavumbuye uburyo bwo kurushaho kuramba ukoresheje polyol ikomoka ku bicuruzwa bikomoka kuri peteroli nka oxyde ya cyclohexane na fenol novolak resin. Muri icyo gihe, abahanga bo mu Bwongereza batangiye kugerageza ibintu bitandukanye bivura nka amine na acide bivamo ibicuruzwa byiza byashoboraga gukoreshwa mu kumurika hejuru nka pani bituma bikomera kurusha mbere bityo bigatanga inzira yubuhanga bugezweho bwo gukora ibikoresho. Mu gihe cy'Intambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose, ibikorwa bya gisirikare byakoreshwaga mu bihe byashize byiyongera cyane ku buryo hasabwa amanota meza y'ibikoresho bitanga ibikoresho kugira ngo biteze imbere ibintu bidasanzwe nko kurwanya ubushyuhe, guhindagurika ku bushyuhe buke, kurwanya imiti n'ibindi, bikabafasha kuzuza ibisabwa bikenewe mu gukora ibice by'indege. Iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga ryarakomeje neza kugeza mu myaka ya za 1950 aho iterambere ryakozwe mu buryo bwombi bwo gutunganya ibisigazwa by’ubukorikori hamwe n’ibyakozwe hamwe hagati y’imvange karemano n’ibikoresho bivangwa na asibesitosi bikora ibyo dusanzwe tuzi uyu munsi nk '' elastomers yuzuye 'cyangwa reberi ishimangira plastiki (FRP). Mu ntangiriro ya za 1960 inzira zinyuranye zanonosowe kuburyo buhagije kuburyo sisitemu yo gukora inganda nyinshi zishobora gushyirwa mubikorwa biganisha ku iterambere ryogutezimbere amabara & izindi nyongeramusaruro zituma habaho ibihe bigezweho byahinduwe bikoreshwa mu nganda nyinshi kuva mu bwubatsi n’ubwubatsi binyuze mu gishushanyo mbonera cy’imodoka kugeza igihe giheruka gupakira ibicuruzwa byakoreshwaga mu buryo bworoshye bisaba ko hakoreshwa ibikoresho bya tekinike ya diyama mbere y’ibindi bikoresho hamwe n’ibikorwa bya tekinike ya ceramic mbere y’imyaka myinshi. Iyi ngengabihe irerekana intera tugezemo kuva yatangira kuvumburwa mbere ya 1884 ikarangira igana ku kwiyongera kwinshi bigenda byiyongera bigakorwa cyane nubushakashatsi bwakomeje guhindagurika kugeza ubu burenga imipaka irenze ibyateganijwe mbere mugihe Alfred Einhorn yabayeho ubuzima bwe bwose ntabwo yigeze atekereza ko bishoboka bityo bikarangira urugendo rudasanzwe rwihindagurika ruhuza iterambere ryibihe byashize ku isi yose.